Criminal penalties compared

First-degree murder

Killing another person on purpose and with planning (premeditation), and in most states also killings during certain serious crimes.

Second-degree murder

Killing another person on purpose, or with extreme disregard for human life, but without planning.

Voluntary manslaughter

Killing another person in the heat of passion after serious provocation. In some states the same offence also covers reckless killings.

Robbery

Taking property from a person by force or by threatening force. Armed robbery and robbery causing injury are usually more serious degrees.

Burglary

Entering a building or other structure to commit a crime inside. Burglary of an occupied home is usually the most serious degree.

Arson

Deliberately setting fire to a building or other property. Setting fire to a building where people are present is usually the most serious degree.

Aggravated assault

An assault made worse by a weapon, by serious injury, or by the victim's position. States use different names for the same conduct.

Rape and sexual assault

Sexual contact without consent, or with a person who cannot consent. The most serious degree usually involves force, serious injury or a very young victim.

Kidnapping

Taking or holding a person against their will, often to demand money, to commit another crime, or while armed.

Embezzlement

Keeping or using for yourself money or property that was entrusted to you, such as an employee taking from an employer.

Forgery

Making or altering a document, such as a cheque, will or contract, with intent to deceive.

Drunk driving, first offence

Driving while impaired by alcohol or drugs, with no earlier conviction and no injury to anyone.